The Imitation of Life, Sarah Jane Analysis

The Imitation of Life, Sarah Jane Analysis The Imitation of Life is one of the most powerful cinematic displays of racial passing in movie history. Passing, a commonly used term especially in the African American community, occurs when a member of one racial category assumes the ethnicity of another (Alkon, 2012). The movie was originally made in 1934 with a remake in 1959. The main character, Sarah Jane, wanted not just to pass within the dominant social group (white), but to truly belong to that group and forget her African American identity that comes loaded with much prejudice and hardship. Despite having the racial fluidity to pass, her mother and the people who were close to her knew her true ethnicity. Although this is a movie, passing is part of our socio-historical background. In this paper I will examine how Sarah Jane does facework in order to successfully pass as a white woman. There are various examples of facework that allow her to be in character. In Imitation of Life, Sarah Jane was the daughter of a black housekeeper, who wanted to pass as a white female. When attempting to cross ethnic barriers, there are gains for the person who decides to attempt to pass. The ultimate gain is acceptance into a dominant class in society and the ultimate cost is eventually losing touch with blood relatives. For example, there is a scene in the movie when Sarah Jane begged her mother to leave her and to never tell anyone they were related. In this scene, you could see Sarah Jane softening a little bit as her mother embraced her and promised her daughter that she would leave her alone because she was getting tired of being turned away from her daughter. This exchange was the last time they spoke to each other. In the process of passing as a means of survival, the dilemmas facing those who pass, is the degree to which they internalize the dominant values of the oppressor (Yee, 1998). Both of her parents were African American, yet her outward appearance fit all the physical attributes of a Caucasian person being of lighter skin. As a young child, Sarah was upset because she was given a black doll. She did not like this because she had internalized and embraced that she looked just like the other white children around her. According to Mead, all children in this society learn at an early age that, generally speaking, whiteness is privileged and darkness is not and thus their choices in this regard are usually not surprising (ISL, 2010). During this scene, she was in wrong face; she pouted and voiced her unhappiness about the doll and their living situation, and her mother quickly came in to help Sarah Jane regain face by apologizing, a popular corrective process. In the reading, My Grandmothers Passing, XXX we were introduced to the writers grandmother, Mary Douglass, who was also upset because her granddaughter saw herself as an Anglo American woman, became upset and distanced herself from her granddaughter after she called her Mexican (Lopez McAllister, 2011). In both stories the females involved were of da rker skin and experienced self-loathing because of social comparisons and internalized racism. Sarah Janes mother, Annie, was able to find employment as a live-in maid with a struggling actress; the relationship of the two women clearly defined the social structure in their relationship. Annie was a hard working woman but her master status was black. She used emotional labor on a daily basis and rarely had a backstage to run to when her day was over. In her job as a maid, she had to do a lot of surface acting because it was hard for her to find employment and keep her daughter with her. She used corrective processes to avoid aggressive interchanges with her employer and with her daughter. The strain of this emotional labor made her ill and this is what we are led to believe is the reason she dies. Throughout the movie, Karl Marxs conflict theory of the haves and the have nots is clear. The tension between the needing to be a mother and being able to build self-esteem and pride in her daughter was in contrast to her own need of employment as the maid and taking care of their fa mily was quite evident. She did not realize that her compliance in her situation made a social dilemma for her daughter. A social dilemma is an individually reasonable behavior that leads to a situation in which everyone is worse off (Newman, 2011). Sarah Jane grew up living in the shadow of a rich-white lifestyle longing to be a real white girl, something she was able to accomplish once she had part ways from her mother. According to Romero (1995), Sarah Jane had to learn when she must act like the employers child and when she must assume the appropriate behavior as the maids e daughter. She has to recognize all the social cues and interpret social settings correctlywhen to expect the same rights and privileged as the employers children and when to fulfill the expectations and obligations as the maids daughter (p. 89). The ways in which parents, family, community and society transmit various interpretations of race eventually determine how one identifies oneself. During the film, Sarah Jane was challenged because she lived in fear of being found out. Sarah Janes emotion work involved a lot of deep acting to maintain the role and achieve the master status of a Caucasian person that she was not ascribed. In society, race is usual ly visually confirmed. As Sarah Jane grew older she constantly denied her ethnicity which led to another challenge. For African Americans, understanding the past is essential in analyzing present day issues of the community. The topics of colorism and the relationship between light and dark skinned Blacks are especially important because history indicates that the subject is imbued with cryptic discomfort (Cunningham, 1997). Light skin is valued in some minorities especially African American. When Sarah Jane started to date she thought that if she married a white man, her children would come out white and no one would know the wiser. Contrary to her wishes, her boyfriend, who was white, found out that her mother was black. He asked her on a date and savagely beat her and threw her in the gutter. He felt that she tricked him because he would never date outside of his race. Having one drop of black blood was considered contaminating, and its presence made one totally and absolutely black. The one drop rule b ecame law during re-construction. In addition, many Whites feared an infiltration of black blood, and anti-miscegenation laws were born partly out of the fear that a White person might accidentally marry a black person (Cunningham, 1997). After this beating she felt more resentment towards her mother because she felt all the obstacles she was facing were her mothers fault. There are also breaks in facework in which emotions are not managed properly. Sarah Janes status is constantly changing in response to the wide range of social settings she encounters (Romero, 1995, p. 89). To avoid embarrassment because of the many awkward situations she faced because of her race she decided to run away in order to maintain face. She joined a chorus line in a low class night club and became comfortable living as a white woman. She successfully passed in her new identity. This allowed her sense of self to grow; she was able to distance herself from the social norms that were in place for African Americans. Facework allowed Sarah Jane to avoid stigmatized identity: After she ran away, in her new environment, there was no one to stigmatize her as a black woman. She made friends and found a job. Being a light skinned African American was often a barrier to find jobs because in the eyes of some whites, they were a picture of the outcome of a mixed relationship which was taboo at that time. The mere idea of people who were black being able to pass and live among whites caused an ongoing threat of racial obscurity for white so naturally passing as a white woman affected her looking glass self, by seeing herself as she thought others saw her (Alkon, 2012). Sarah Janes mother was getting older and she was getting very sick. She eventually cooperated with Sarah Jane in the process of facework by promising her that she would never acknowledge that she was her mother so that Sarah Jane could maintain her face and keep the persona of being a white woman. While Annie was dying she told her employer to tell her daughter that she was sorry and that she was being selfish as her mother but she loved her because she was the only thing she had. As I mentioned above, Annie used facework and corrective processes until she died. Unfortunately at the end of the movie Annie died. During the funeral, Sarah Jane ran down the crowded street and threw herself on the coffin, this time she was screaming and telling her mother that she was sorry. She was using a corrective process by apologizing and asking her mother for forgiveness. Unfortunately it was too late because her mother died of a broken heart. In conclusion, Sarah Jane used facework to successfully pass as a white woman, and allowed Sarah Jane to avoid a stigmatized identity. She was able to do this because visually you would not know she was African American. Passing as a white woman affected her identity because she used deep acting to internalize the white race that she infiltrated. Sarah Janes passing deeply affected her mother because her mother wanted her to live as a black woman and marry black man. Passing is a small piece of African-Americans socio-historical background and usually remains hidden like a long buried bone, ironically society is more tolerant and would not see it as a stigmatized behavior. Society has come a long way from the 30s and 50s and there is more opportunity out there to be successful regardless the color of your skin.

Obstacles Teachers May Face Essay

In any education setting, teachers will come across a wide variety of obstacles throughout their career. These obstacles will differ in each and every classroom, depending on students’ social, cultural and ethnic background. It is vitally important as a teacher to overcome these obstacles to ensure that the students within your class are able to gain the highest possible outcomes, a quality education and enjoyment from their schooling. Some of the many obstacles that a teacher may face in a classroom setting include development abilities both academically and socially, behaviour problems and unmotivated students. Students can differ from one another in several aspects, including age, mental ability, personal achievement, ethnic background, psychosocial development and cognitive development. These differences can affect how classroom learning happens (Snowman & Biheler, 2003). Children develop at different rates this is usually a result of different measures of intelligence, social interaction with peers and personal development. Whether it is physical, mental or emotional each student will differ, and this will also depend on their up bringing, prior knowledge, family circumstances and innate knowledge. Social and emotional development problems will result in the student finding it hard to create relationships and develop learning skills with his or her peers and educators. Intellectual development, communication and speech difficulties will affect student’s concentration, memory, communication and understandings of certain tasks (BTEC First Children’s care, n. d). As a result of children developing differentl, it is vitally important for educators to track and maintain an understanding of how each student is progressing through out the year, this will result in not only being of benefit for the student but also the teacher. According to Vygotsky, for the curriculum to be developmentally appropriate, the teacher must plan activities that encompass not only what children are capable of doing on their own but what they can learn with the help of others in group settings (Eggen & Kauchak, 2010). Therefore, by creating learning activities that are in learners’ zones of proximal development, and providing instructional scaffolding to support learning and development will accommodate the children by helping them gain a better understanding of the task at hand (Eggen & Kauchak, 2010). In saying this, this will ensure that the ducator is working to their full potential and ensuring that the students are getting the highest quality education. Positive reinforcement is the process of increasing the frequency or duration of a behaviour as the result of presenting a reinforcer. Therefore, offering positive reinforcement will increase and maintain the probability that a particular behaviour will be repeated. There are many different types of reinforcers that can be used to increase behaviours, but it is significant to note that the type of reinforcer used depends on the individual and the situation. While gold stars and tokens might be very effective reinforcement for a second-grader, they are not going to have the same effect with a high school or college student (Cherry, n. d). Also, if your students finish their work on time and have been successfully completing their work you may give them an early mark for lunch play, the students will eventually come to understand that finishing their work on time results in a rewards, therefore they will continue this behaviour. We all apply reinforcers everyday, most of the time without even realising we are doing it. You may tell your child â€Å"good job† after he or she cleans their room; all of these things increase the probability that the same response will be repeated. Students may find tasks hard to complete at school and want to give up, by giving them positive reinforcement twill encourage them to want to keep going. Students are more likely to be motivated to learn if they are positively reinforced for completing a project or task (Snowman & Biehler, 2003). Having a positive attitude as an educator and constant positive feedback also encourages students to feel secure in their learning environment. It can also be used to adjust behavioural issues, whilst punishment and negative reinforcement decreases unacceptable behaviour, it doesn’t teach desirable ones, in saying this; it means that positive reinforcement is more effective. However punishment is sometimes required in some circumstances, as when all forms of punishment is removed it can cause the class to become more disruptive. Research has found that some types of punishers are more affective these include; desists, timeout or detention (Eggen & Kauchak, 2010). Skinner believed that peoples innate needs, wants and desires can be avoided, as they alter their current behaviour according to what has happened to them due to the previous consequences of their past behaviour. He called this approach operant conditioning he identified three types of responses or operant that can follow behaviours, these include; Neutral operants, reinforcers and punishers (Eggen & Kauchak, 2010). Not sure of the reference? Having unmotivated students in the classroom can make it difficult due to the fact that other students may get distracted and lose focus. Unmotivated students have the ability to disrupt other students that can have a detrimental affect on the entire classroom and overpower teacher’s capabilities. There are many factors relating to the cause of unmotivated students in the classroom. These include behavioural issues and cognitive development. Students with learning difficulties may feel lost and confused by what is being taught and therefore give up on listening and trying. It is important to identify these students and put in place the appropriate means necessary to ensure that these students are understanding and motivated. Motivation is often classed in two different categories; extrinsic motivation and intrinsic motivation the difference being; extrinsic motivation is to engage in an activity as a means to and end. And intrinsic motivation is to be involved in an activity for its own sake. Eggen & Kauchak, 2010) Motivation is working towards maintaining and sustaining our efforts to reach a particular goal (Snowman & Biehler, 2003). In some classroom settings children display inappropriate or problem behaviours which can make it difficult for themselves and the students around them to learn, and also isolate the child from his or her peers (Child Study Centre, 2002). Therefore it is crucial as an educator to establish and maintain a classroom environment that will motivate students to learn. Having motivation to learn is essential for students to become successful in their learning. It is vital that students set both academic and social goals to work towards to ensure that both the student and the teachers are driving towards the same goal. According to Eggen and Kauchak (2010) motivated students have positive attitudes towards school, they describe school as satisfying, persist on difficult tasks and cause fewer behaviour management problems, process information in depth and excel in classroom learning experiences (Eggen & Kauchak, 2010). By creating a positive learning environment within the classroom, students will be encouraged to achieve and set learning goals to attain higher results. In a positive learning environment students feel secure and as a result are more willing to take risks with their learning. A classroom performance goal structure is characterised by the teacher emphasising student performance relative to normative standards rather than relative to the student’s prior performance. Features of this structure are the teacher’s provision of more public versus private performance feedback, and the valuation of correct answers over effort and learning (Hughes. , Wu & West, 2011). Through incorporating student’s interest into the lesson, relating lessons to real life and matching students abilities will help to motivate the students to strive for better results and develop a love of learning. Motivation within the classroom and a child’s need to succeed in their academic life is based on â€Å"Maslow’s hierarchy of human needs based on two groupings: deficiency needs and growth needs. Within the deficiency needs, each lower need must be met before moving to the next higher level. Once each of these needs has been satisfied, if at some future time a deficiency is detected, the individual will act to remove the deficiency† (Huitt, 2007). In conclusion, obstacles that teachers will face throughout their career are respective to each individual child and their differences when it comes to developmental ability, motivation and behavioural issues. Ongoing professional development is a necessary component in ensuring that an educator is properly trained in all areas. This will ensure that educator’s feel confident when an obstacle arises and the skills to be able to deal and respond to any given situation.. Therefore, incorporating a safe and happy classroom environment, ongoing professional development, understanding each individual child’s needs and backgrounds and motivating students will help overcome some obstacles that a teacher may face.

Career Goals My Career - 1861 Words

Career Paper Phenix Patton In this paper, I will review my career choice, why I chose that career, why I believe I am fit for that career, and what I have to do to have the career I want. I will explore the advantages of my career, the disadvantages of my career, and how difficult leading a life with that career would be. I will also go over the results of several assessments I have taken in order to assess my best career interests, my aptitude for the career I choose, and a personality test. All of those tests are used to determine my skills and how I could best use them to benefit my career. I will go over why I chose my career, why I chose it, the projected career growth, some details on the career, the salaries the career provides,†¦show more content†¦I have taken several career assessments, and at the top of those lists have been careers such as Music Educators, Artists, Therapists, Postsecondary Educators, and Fine Arts Instructors. I have ranked highest in the fine a rts categories, and have scored higher in education than any other categories. The assessments have ranked me highest in artistic categories, and more specifically, music. I believe this is a sign that I should go into a fine arts based career such as music education or music performance. I also took assessments that told me what type of job I should go into, and an assessment that estimated what type of personality I have. It has said that I have a Feeler-Perceiver personality, which means that I communicate well on an interpersonal level, and I know how to see what people are feeling. The assessments have ranked me highest in artistic categories, and more specifically, music. I believe this makes me fit for my job because I will be working one on one with students, and I need an understanding of how they feel in order to properly teach them what it is they need to be taught about music. I believe that all of the career assessment and personality assessment tests I have taken have accurately assessed my skills and personalities. The top occupation I tested for was Music Educator. I tested equal in others as well, such as art, therapy, art, and music performance, and I chose Music Educator as a favourite. As a music educator, IShow MoreRelatedCareer Goals : My Career Essay1393 Words   |  6 Pagespsychology, my career assessments test showed me many options for my career goal path. For starters, my career interest profile results are broken into six main categories which are: social, artistic, investigative, enterprising, realistic, and conventional. According to my results, my career matches are as followed: preschool, primary, secondary, and special education teacher. I am 28% social, 22% artistic, 17% investigative, 11% enterprising, 10% realistic, and 9% realistic. 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I have experience working with the geriatric patients who are physically disabled and I hope to help them keep their independence. My goal is to help geriatric patients gain valuable skills in orderRead MoreMy Career Go als For A Career1142 Words   |  5 Pagesin your career you need to work within different business-related industries. Consequently, as a business manager working with multi-national companies for gaining more knowledge in the scale of economy with a profit advantage. It is believed that obtaining communication and international trading skills are necessary for self-entrepreneurship by experiencing from a related and specific environment such as working in large companies and learning skills. This report will be describing about my journeyRead MoreMy Goals For A Career1626 Words   |  7 PagesWe all have goals that push us forward in life. My overall goal when it comes to a career is to pursue something where I can be happy and enjoy what I do, while also making enough money to live comfortably. This career for me is either a psychologist or a lawyer. Nonetheless, one may assume they are quite different but in fact, psychology is in every aspect of life, and even if I do not nec essarily become a therapist, I know I will still be able to use aspects of it in whichever career I decide toRead MoreMy Career Goals2082 Words   |  9 PagesI have for my goals into one sentence this would describe it perfectly. Although it took me quite some time to realize what I was passionate about, I am very grateful to have found it when I did. Prior to discovering what gave me such a feeling of fervor, having goals and planning for the future did not mean nearly as much to me as it does now. Now that I have a new sense of purpose, it has led me to me setting goals I never thought could be possible. Achieving the perfect balance in my life, gettingRead MoreMy Goals For My Career Goals1199 Words   |  5 Pageswonders how his or her life is going to end up; however, I know how my life is going to unfold because I am aware of my goals, challenges, and strengths. I have many goals for my career and life that will help me find new paths and dreams to pursue, and I will be able to find my ideal job and lifestyle. Also, it will allow me to succeed in a topic or subject. Although I do have many personal challenges which could set me back, I am sure my individual strengths will help me overcome the setbacks and willRead MoreMy Goals : My Career Goals1375 Words   |  6 Pageshim forever. My personal goals are to be married and have a child or children by the age of 30. Secondarily and far less pressing is to drive a full sized truck, and to comfortably afford it. My academic goals are very unclear. They directly correlate with my career goals which have not been set. But for the sake of this paper my academic goal is to first get my AA. And if I still have no set career goal, to move onto UCF to either study physical training or business. My career goals that I have setRead MoreMy Goals For My Career Goals910 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"A goal defines a plan of action, acts as a continuous progress report on how well you are doing as you move toward chosen goals, it identifies exactly what achievement or success is for each person, and it tells you when its time to reset goals† according to Dennis Congos. Goals play an important role, when you’re in college. I have many goals but my top three goals for my educational career at Colorado Christian University are, getting an average of a 3.9 GPA in every class, staying in school andRead MoreMy Career Goals : My Goals1184 Words   |  5 Pagesto yourself. No one can ever take your Knowledge away from you. With me earning my degree I am one step closer to my career field, which is the business side of the health field. Also, my family is my motivation, they are the reason I’m striving to do better in life. And that’s why I want to continue my academic success. My educational goal that I wish to achieve is obtaining my 4 year degree. Achieving this goal will make me feel like the best mother ever. I know it will be hard at times because

Essay on the Woman Protagonist in The Birthmark - 1856 Words

Woman Protagonist in â€Å"The Birthmark† In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s short story, â€Å"The Birthmark,† the reader finds an excellent example of a woman who is so superior to her male counterpart that she has to be labeled the protagonist of the tale. This essay will demonstrate why this designation is deserved by the female character, Georgiana. In the opening paragraph of â€Å"The Birthmark† the narrator introduces Aylmer as a scientist whose love for Georgiana is â€Å"more attractive than any chemical one.† And indeed, he is such a passionate scientist that everything meaningful in his life has to be related to science. He is incapable of developing beyond this stage of personal growth. Georgiana, on the other hand, enters the†¦show more content†¦The reply comes from a virtuous woman. But Aylmer overlooks the precious and pursues the superficial by asserting that the birthmark is â€Å"the visible mark of earthly imperfection,† and that it â€Å"shocks† him. Georgiana perceives a lack of love in his overdone negative reaction to the birthmark: ``Then why did you take me from my mothers side? You cannot love what shocks you! The narrator includes observations of other women regarding the mark: â€Å"Some fastidious persons -- but they were exclusively of her own sex -- affirmed that the bloody hand, as they chose to call it, quite destroyed the effect of Georgianas beauty, and rendered her countenance even hideous.† The narrator opposes such an absurd accusation, likening it to the ridiculousness of asserting that blue veins in quality marble degrade the marble: â€Å"But it would be as reasonable to say that one of those small blue stains which sometimes occur in the purest statuary marble would convert the Eve of Powers to a monster.† In a balanced consideration of Georgiana and the mark, the narrator also includes the opinion of the â€Å"masculine observers†; they, â€Å"if the birthmark did not heighten their admiration, contented themselves with wishing it away, thatShow MoreRelated The Birthmark Essay: External and Internal Conflict in The Birthmark2109 Words   |  9 PagesExternal and Internal Conflict in â€Å"The Birthmark†Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚   This essay will analyze Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Birthmark† to determine the external and internal conflicts in the tale.    In the opinion of this reader, the central conflicts in the tale – the relation between the protagonist and antagonist usually (Abrams 225) – are the external one between Aylmer and Georgiana over the birthmark on her cheek, and internal ones within Georgiana between love and self-interest andRead MoreTo What Extent Does Schlink in His Novel ‚Äà ºthe Reader‚Äà ¹, Show That It Is Impossible to Escape One‚Äà ´s Past.1189 Words   |  5 PagesEssay Response To â€Å"The Reader† To what extent does Schlink in his novel â€Å"The Reader†, show that it is impossible to escape one’s past. In his novel â€Å"The Reader†, author Bernhard Schlink through the use of techniques such as structure, setting and characterisation reveals to an immense extent that it is impossible to escape one’s past. Schlink utilises the main protagonists of the text, Michael and Hanna, depicting their relationship, along with the idea of post war German guilt to further

Energy And Energy Of Energy - 1140 Words

Scientifically, energy is defined as the ability to do work. While there are many forms of energy, they can be grouped into two categories:Potential energy, or stored energy; and Kinetic energy, or energy is a form of potential energy and it is possessed by things such as food, fuels, and batteries. Energy is the ability to cause changes in matter. It can exist in many different forms. Energy can change from one form to another. There are six forms of energy: mechanical, chemical, electrical, light, thermal, and sound energy. Another form of energy is nuclear energy. Mechanical energy is the energy of movement. Chemical energy is energy that is stored in the bonds between the atoms of compounds. If the bonds are broken, the energy is†¦show more content†¦There are many ways to produce energy like using your muscles or starting a fire.We can use up a source of energy, or we can store energy to use at a later time. Some sources of energy will last forever. Even gravity can be a source of energy Mass and energy are closely related.Any object that has mass when stationary in a frame of reference also has an equal amount of energy whose form is called rest energy in that frame and any additional energy acquired by the object above that rest energy will increase an object s mass. Also light can carry energy through empty space. Light energy travels from the sun to earth across empty space in the form of electromagnetic energy. Electromagnetic waves are made of magnetic fields. Energy cannot be created or destroyed that is the Law conservation of energy. Energy does not appear or disappear. Some systems may be closed or open isolated. Open system is energy and matter are exchanged with surroundings. Closed system is energy but matter is not exchanged. Isolated system is neither energy or matter is exchanged. Temperature and energy are also related. Temperature of a substance is proportional to the average kinetic energy. All particles have kinetic energy. All particles in a subs tance are constantly moving. The kelvin scale is based on absolute zero. Temperature is the measure of average kinetic energy. When two objects that areShow MoreRelatedEnergy Of Energy : Energy1954 Words   |  8 PagesEnergy: Energy is the ability to work. The definition of work is every time a force is exerted on something through a distance. An in depth explanation would define doing work as mechanical energy. An example of one of the many different types of energy is when you kick a soccer ball you are using the maximum amount of kinetic energy and the least amount of potential energy. The energy formula is Power multiplied by time which is then divided by joules (a way of measuring energy) which is watts multipliedRead MoreEnergy Of Energy And Energy Consumption931 Words   |  4 PagesEnergy Preliminary Evaluation The main aim of the energy category is to reduce energy consumption. Currently, the main source for energy is fossil fuels. During 2011, around 95% of energy used in Australia came from fossil fuels (BREE (Bureau of Resources and Energy Economics), 2013), making the energy sector the most important Green House Gases (GHG) source in the country. Energy used in buildings accounts for around 20% of the total emissions (ABCB, 2014) therefore, their reduction will make aRead MoreThe Energy Of Energy Usage1129 Words   |  5 Pageshigh-end consumer in terms of energy usage. According to U.S. Dept. of Energy, there are more than 40,000 distillation columns in North America and they consume 40% of the total energy used to operate plants in chemical industries [1]. As a result, researchers have focused their efforts towards developing distillation columns that are more compact, utilize compressors to recirculate latent heat and possess more effective separation technology in order to reduce energy consumption. The principal topicsRead MoreThe Energy Of Solar Energy1462 Words   |  6 PagesInstitute for Energy Research and the U.S. Energy Information Administration, solar energy makes up only 0.5% of total energy consumption in the United States, and over 65% of consumed energy is natural gas and petroleum. (2016) These statistics show that nearly two-thirds of the energy the United States uses is not only non-renewable but the processess of harnessing it also causes pollution. Solar Energy is energy that is transferred through solar radiation in the form of electromagnetic energy. In theRead MoreRenewable Energy Is An Energy2163 Words   |  9 Pages INTRODUCTION: Renewable energy is an energy that is generated from natural resources such as sunlight, rain, wind, tides and geothermal heat that are renewable (not be depleted when used). 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In this technological era where all the devices work by using energy, the new humankind challenge is providing sufficient amounts of energy. At Yale University, Dr. Ronald Smith teaches some courses in the areas of meteorology, oceanography, fluid mechanics, atmospheric physics, applied mathematics, mesoscale dynamics, environmental remote sensing. InRead MoreNuclear Energy Is The Energy866 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is Nuclear Energy â€Å"Nuclear energy is the energy in the nucleus, or core, of an atom.† Each nucleus has two kind of particles Neutrons Protons There are two process to release nuclear energy Fission and fusion Process Fission A atom of one element is divided to create two small atom of different elements Fusion During this process, nuclear reactors use uranium to release energy Two atoms are combined to made a large atom This energy produces heat and warms the reactors cooling agentRead MoreEnergy Efficiency Of Energy1123 Words   |  5 PagesEvery minute of every day, valuable data is collected about energy consumption at the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) headquarters in Atlanta. This data is accessible to researchers around the world, allowing them to monitor performance of the building’s resource-conserving systems and extract data for further study. ASHRAE, the international oversight organization for the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) industry, completed a

The Miracle League of El Paso Free Essays

string(165) " with the school district bus systems for transportation from each districts area to transport the children to and from Ponder Park for activities \(Rivera, 2013\)\." Introduction There are thousands of children who play sports in the communities on facilities supported by residents through their tax dollars. The Miracle League of El Paso provides disabled children and young adults in our communities who cannot participate in a sport on a conventional field with a place to play baseball. The Miracle League of El Paso removes the obstructions that stop children with disabilities off the baseball field and allows them to experience playing the field. We will write a custom essay sample on The Miracle League of El Paso or any similar topic only for you Order Now The main obstruction for disabled children starts from the natural grass fields. The Miracle League of El Paso is about building self-esteem, making new friends, and confidence. The Miracle League of El Paso applies a â€Å"buddy† system – coupling each player with a peer volunteer to help the players. The Miracle League of El Paso’s strategic plan is to work closely with the Junior League of El Paso, Inc. and partnerships with the public leaders, and follow their directions, establishing a possible benefactor record. The short-term goal is the planning for an accessible, adaptable playground for the back area of the field. The Miracle League of El Paso plans to advertise and campaign to raise the needed $350,000 for the construction of the playground. The Miracle League of El Paso The Miracle League of El Paso is a non-profit organization that continues to grow with the community and the development through the innovative process of change within time. The nonprofit organization has developed a mission statement designed to motivate and encourage future success and permanence. The Miracle League of El Paso’s mission is â€Å"to provide recreational opportunities to persons with disabilities, regardless of their abilities† (â€Å"The Miracle League Of El Paso†, 2013). The mission statement is positive, motivational, and long-term that definitely gives the nonprofit organization to strive towards. The mission statement helps develop the nonprofit organization as a resource that would be used by anyone who was doing research or just asking a question in general. The mission statement allows The Miracle League of El Paso to use any means possible to organize information (The Miracle League Of El Paso, 2013). There are thousands of children who play sports in the communities on facilities supported by residents through their tax dollars. The Miracle League of El Paso provides disabled children and young adults in our communities who cannot participate in a sport on a conventional field with a place to play baseball. The Miracle League of El Paso, and the community can provide the disabled children with an chance to experience the benefits from playing baseball. Even though the facility is built the Miracle League of El Paso continues to need support to sustain it (The Miracle League Of El Paso, 2013). The Miracle League of El Paso removes the obstructions that stop children with disabilities off the baseball field and allows them to experience playing the field. The main obstruction for disabled children starts from the natural grass fields. The Miracle League of El Paso teams play on a custom-designed, rubberized turf field that provides accommodation for wheelchairs and self-assured devices while preventing harm (The Miracle League Of El Paso, 2013). The Miracle League of El Paso is about building self-esteem, making new friends, and confidence. The Miracle League of El Paso applies a â€Å"buddy† system – coupling each player with a peer volunteer to help the players. The result from the buddy system is a bond that cannot be expressed. The buddy is there to protect the player. To assist the player in running, batting, and to be a long term friend for the whole season. Parents, relatives, siblings, and friends of players know their children’s disability and therefore are encouraged to be the child’s buddy. Buddies can start from the age of 12 and up (The Miracle League Of El Paso, 2013). The Miracle League of El Paso caters to children who have a medical condition from any mental or physical disabilities, such as ADHD to cancer, muscular dystrophy, cerebral palsy, and autism. â€Å"According to the 2000 Census Bureau’s states there are 5. million children in our country that have disabilities between the ages of five and 19, and with young adults the number increases substantially. † (Miracle League, 2013). Teams are divided by age and ability, which means that it is possible to have children from a wide range of ages on the same team if they play at a similar mental and physical level. T here are three divisions of play, non-competitive, intermediate, and competitive. The difference is the teaching of regular baseball fundamentals in the competitive division. In non- competitive every child bats, runs, and last batter scores a home run. Intermediate division is in the middle of non-competitive and competitive division (Miracle League, 2013). The Strengths of the Miracle League of El Paso is the ability to reach out to disabled children no matter their age is to become involved in a recreational sport such as baseball that schools, and little league teams would not include a disabled child. The main advantage of the Miracle League of El Paso is that this League is the only one of its kind in El Paso. The weakness of the Miracle League of El Paso is that the location is the only location for the park, and many children come from all parts of El Paso. A few children live in New Mexico. Because of the economy’s situation many parents or relatives are not able to travel two times a week, especially if the park is 27 miles from their home. The Miracle League of El Paso needs to advertise through the social media more (Rivera, 2013). Opportunities for the Miracle League of El Paso is to advertise in the social media such as twitter, Insta-gram, T-mobile, Verizon, television, etc. Collaborate with other nonprofit organizations to help each other out with whatever is needed for each organization to sustain in today’s economy. The Miracle League of El Paso needs to partner with the school district bus systems for transportation from each districts area to transport the children to and from Ponder Park for activities (Rivera, 2013). You read "The Miracle League of El Paso" in category "Papers" Threats for the Miracle League of El Paso is the downfall of the economy. Because of tough times, and a rise in unemployment it is hard to donate for the cause. Volunteers, coaches, and parents may begin to drop from attending and may not be able to pay for registration of their child along with uniforms. Trends for the Miracle League of El Paso would be to add onto Ponder Park with more recreational activities. The all inclusive playground. Another trend would be to add a Recreational center for additional activities to be added to Ponder park such as yoga, aerobics, dance classes, etc. (Rivera, 2013). Although the SWOTT analysis may be used for the external and internal environment, it may still have the organization’s thinking remain in the same place rather than evolve and grow. With this the three circles analysis comes in to play. Everything that has been questioned to add on to the Miracle League of El Paso, and the areas that prohibit players and siblings to attend are the main concerns of the customers and the beneficiary’s. The nonprofit organization needs to question if they are succeeding in their beliefs, distinctiveness, what should be provided, effectiveness and what to add to the values for the beneficiaries (Rivera, 2013). The Miracle League of El Paso’s strategic plan is to work closely with the Junior League of El Paso, Inc. and partnerships with the public leaders, and follow their directions, establishing a possible benefactor record. Substantiate expenses of projects and create an official financial plan counting in-kind contributions. Plan meetings with potential organizations to establish possible field, and facility lease agreements. The Miracle League of El Paso formed a website for the main way of corresponding what they are doing and who they are. Educate the residents and businesses throughout El Paso County about the Miracle League of El Paso through the public awareness support, public discussions, and speaking arrangements. Investigate innovated ideas for flourishing upcoming events and constant endowment raising to ensure future success (The Miracle League Of El Paso, 2013). The short-term goal is the planning for an accessible, adaptable playground for the back area of the field. The Miracle League of El Paso plans to advertise and campaign to raise the needed $350,000 for the construction of the playground. The playground will be created for mental and physically disabled children of all ages to play in an environment that children and their families can play together, regardless of their abilities. The playground will promote inclusive play by concentrating on convenience for age, developmental suitability, and sensory-stimulating activity that makes a superior partner for The Miracle League of El Paso (The Miracle League Of El Paso, 2013). The Miracle League of El Paso needs to increase the number of committed volunteers and coaches to downscale the number of players on each team. Seek additional volunteers from boy scouts, girl scouts, high schools that need so many hours of community work for graduation, surrounding schools, universities, church groups, civic organizations, YMCA, YWCA, retired community, etc. . Seek additional community partnerships (The Miracle League Of El Paso, 2013). An opportunity for the Miracle League of El Paso is to advertise in the social media such as twitter, Instagram, T-mobile, Verizon, television, etc. Collaborate with other nonprofit organizations to help each other out with whatever is needed for each organization to sustain in today’s economy. The Miracle League of El Paso needs to partner with the school district bus systems for transportation from each districts area to transport the children to and from Ponder Park for activities (Rivera, 2013). The Miracle League of El Paso does not have a transportation system for disabled children and families, which inhibits them to get to each game or event at the Miracle field location. The Miracle League of El Paso will propose a partnership with the school districts of each area that disabled children are located in to help transport the children for each game. The Miracle League of El Paso can propose to use their umbrella general liability insurance for safety precautions during the use of the school district bus system. If the school district bus system could not partner with the Miracle League of El Paso, the Miracle League will try to establish a partnership with Sun Metro for specific days and times for the families and participants of the Miracle League of El Paso. To help raise money for the Miracle League of El Paso throughout the years a run/walk event for the cause will be established as well as possible future sponsors and partners to increase recreational activities for the Miracle League of El Paso. The grand strategy for the Miracle League is to partner with one major construction company, Hunt’s construction company, in El Paso, Texas. Partnering with Hunt Construction Company will inaugurate the construction of the all inclusive playground for disabled children and their families. The Miracle League of El Paso will only ask to partner with Hunts Construction Company because will allow only for the full press and advertisement of one main construction company, along with the company logo on all participants, family members, and buddy t-shirts. The Miracle League of El Paso will also ask to have the television news broadcast the development of the all inclusive playground for advertisement of the construction company as well as the Miracle League of El Paso for future participants. One major functional tactic is that the Miracle League of El Paso’s responsibility is to have the CEO-Founder-Executive Director, Sandra Olivar to be devoted to the mission, and goals of the Miracle League of El Paso while preserving inflexible values and the highest principles of superiority. Sandra Olivar must be devoted to increase the resources required to construct and maintain the mission, and goals. Sandra Olivar must generate an atmosphere in which volunteers remain engaged and ommitted to the constant requirements of the organization. Sandra Olivar must incorporate a better understanding to the volunteer staff increasing the role in the organization’s mission and goals (Peace Robinson, 2011). Because Sandra Olivar is the main director she has first-hand knowledge for the basis of schedules, strategic control, developing budgets around new events, and trigger points for the organization. Sandra Olivar is a powerful asset to the organization. Sandra Olivar has a powerful motivational connection with the beneficiaries and especially can connect with the volunteers and beneficiaries through a reward system motivating them to further accomplish future goals for the organization (The Miracle League of El Paso, 2013). Sandra Olivar is the main non-paid volunteer operating the daily events of the League. Sandra Olivar’s responsibilities are to make sure that members register every season. Sandra Olivar must keep tabs on the increase and decrease of program fees and payments, which this year has increased to a 95% rate (The Miracle League of El Paso, 2013). Sandra Olivar must make sure that contributions and sponsorships have increased or dropped for the year, which for this year has dropped by 65% (The Miracle League of El Paso, 2013). The Miracle League of El Paso entails approximately $55,000 per season. The Miracle League of El Paso has sustained 300 players and intends to increase that rate substantially once the advertisement of the all inclusive playground has been initiated. Because of the drop of volunteer coaches the Miracle League of El Paso is training older disabled players. The trained coaches must have had at least three years of experience with the Miracle League. This action will help increase the volunteer coaches for the increase of disabled children teams (The Miracle League of El Paso, 2013). The functional tactic of time horizon gives the organization a focal point of implementing the grand strategy today instead of five years from today. The forecasted time horizon for this implementation of the all inclusive playground is one year. Time horizon also allows the leaders of the organization to adjust to any changes or conditions that may occur through the implementation period. Participants of the organization are the key developers to develop the implementation plan of the all inclusive playground. Sandra Olivar must involve operating volunteers with first-hand knowledge of what needs to be implemented to achieve the short-term goal of the playground. Plus, once the commencement of the playground has begun, other events must be catered to, which all volunteers, including Sandra Olivar must be involved (Peace Robinson, 2011). Sandra Olivar will promote policies for the volunteers and participants formally and informally. Policies promote people to act. Formal written policies will be distributed to each volunteer and participant with instructions to read and fully understand what is asked and instructed for a safe environment as well as a prosperous one. If there is any misunderstanding of the policies Sandra Olivar will be available at any time to help. Informal briefings of the policies will be held twice a month among everyone in a group not only to inform the volunteers and participants of changes, but also to engage everyone to give ideas and support for future implementations (Peace Robinson, 2011). The Financials for the Miracle League of El Paso were given to Cindy Rivera from Sandra Olivar. Sandra Olivar has asked that Cindy Rivera keep most of the information private because of the confidentiality of specific policies and sponsors (The Miracle League of El Paso, 2013). ANNUAL REVENUE EXPENSES Fiscal Year Starting: Jan 01, 2011 Fiscal Year Ending: Dec 31, 2011 REVENUE TOTAL REVENUE $99,799 EXPENSES TOTAL EXPENSES $12,177 The contributed revenues are as follows: CONTRIBUTED REVENUE Scholarship Donations$125 Team Sponsorships$4,500 Individual and Corporate Donations$22,158 TOTAL CONTRIBUTED REVENUES$26,783 The earned revenues are as follows: EARNED REVENUES Registration Fees$5,375 Merchandise Sales$1,305 Field Concession$48,067 Fundraising UTEP Concession$6,083 Bike Run Car Show$1,348 Comedy Show Tickets$650 Baby Pageant$1,000 Walgreen’s$3,500 Easter Basket Sales$850 Macy’s$650 Miscellaneous Income$4,188 Subtotal-Earned Revenues $73,016 The forecasted campaign to raise money for the all inclusive playground is as follows: Campaign Goal $350,000 Campaign Dates Dec 2012-Dec 2014 The forecasted campaign to promote future donations and sponsors is as follows: Campaign Goal 100,000 Campaign Dates Dec 2012-Dec 2014 The risk management plan for the Miracle League of El Paso is to enhance and support activities in all parts designed for disabled children and young adults. The risk management plan ensures that the plan is a primary part of the Miracle League of El Paso’s decision-making process. The Miracle League of El Paso will use a pre arranged risk management method to reduce logically probable financial, physical, or legal impairment to people, disturbance to procedures, and harm to the surroundings and material goods. The Miracle League of El Paso will classify and obtain gain of prospects as well as reducing unfavorable outcomes. The Miracle League of El Paso will educate the group to execute risk management successfully. The Miracle League of El Paso will attempt repeatedly to advance the risk management procedures (The Miracle League of El Paso, 2013). Sandra Olivar is responsible to the organization for the execution of the risk management procedure and finally in charge for the risk management in the group. All volunteers and participants are accountable for supervision risks in their part. Sandra Olivar will have a diverse outlook of safety to that of a referee or player (The Miracle League of El Paso, 2013). The endeavor of any risk management arrangement is to help the organization to recognize possible risks to its functions and widen corrective measures that will reduce, eliminate, and control the danger connected with those dangers. To make effective decisions, Sandra Olivar must assess and take steps to control certain dangers and their impact (The Miracle League of El Paso, 2013). To conclude, the risk management plan must be successful, it should become part of the Miracle League’s traditions. Risk management must be incorporated into the Miracle League’s operating actions, attitude, strategic plans, and should grow to be the accountability of each person in the Miracle League of El Paso. We cannot change or cure the medical issues life has dealt our children with disabilities. What we can do is provide them what an opportunity to experience the joy and benefits which comes from playing baseball and other recreational sports and activities available (Rivera, 2013). References Barney, J. B. (2007). Gaining and sustaining competitive advantage (3rd ed. . Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. Mintzberg, H. , Ghoshal, S. , Lampel, J. , Quinn, J. B. (2003). The strategy process: Concepts, contexts, cases (4th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Pearce, J. A. , II, Robinson, R. B. (2011). Strategic management: Formulation, implementation, and control (12th ed. ). Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. The Miracle League of El Paso. (2013). Retrieved from http ://miracleleagueofelpaso. com Miracle League. (2013). Retrieved from www. miracleleague. com How to cite The Miracle League of El Paso, Papers

Safeguarding NFL Players

Question: Write an essay on the Role of Government in Safeguarding the Health of NFL Players? Answer: Greenhow, A. (2011). Concussion policies of the National Football League: Revisiting the'Sport Administrator's Charter'and the role of the Australian Football League and National Rugby League in concussion management This article was published in Sports Law Journal in 2011. In this paper the authors showed that the litigation of the United States are failing to protect the players of National Football League (NFL). This scenario indicates the inefficiency of the government of the United States and raising different questions about the responsibilities of the government in order to protect the football players of National Football League from fatal injuries and their health related problems after their football career is over. The researcher in this paper compared the NFLs alleged failure with the litigation like Big Tobacco. The aim of this research was to find out if the government of the United States has the responsibility of the NFL players health related issues or not. In this article, the author reviewed the concussion management policies of the AFL (Australian Football League) and NRL (National Rugby League) as well. Heard, K. (2013). The Impact of Preemption in the NFL Concussion Litigation.University of Miami Law Review,68(1) This journal was published in Social Science Research Network (SSRN) in 2013. In recent years, it is found that the rate of concussion is rapidly increased among the NFL (National Football League) players. The researcher showed that there are 81 lawsuits filed against the NFL (National Football League) regarding the concussion. However, in 2013 the NFL (National Football League) and the former players came to a mutual settlements, where it was defined that the NFL (National Football League) will bear $765 million for the benefits of the players as well as paying compensation for the research, litigation cost for them. In this context the government of the United States helped to implement the law and press the NFL (National Football League) to provide their compensation wherever needed. Cottler, L. B., Abdallah, A. B., Cummings, S. M., Barr, J., Banks, R., Forchheimer, R. (2011). Injury, pain, and prescription opioid use among former National Football League (NFL) players.Drug and alcohol dependence,116(1), 188-194 This paper was published in Science Direct in 2011. The background of this work is injury faced by the football players in the NFL (National Football League). The researchers used telephone survey of NFL (National Football League) players (644, retired). From the survey it was found by the researcher that most of the NFL (National Football League) players, who were misused during the football career in NFL are mostly misused now compared with the other NFGL players. In addition, it is found that more NFL (National Football League) pain is associated with the current misuse such as heavy drinking and concussions. Most of the retired NFL (National Football League) players are thus misusing opoid and the government have no control on the current situation. Bennett, D. (2012). Harm reduction and NFL drug policy.Journal of Sport Social Issues, 0193723512458929 This paper was published in the journal of Sports and Social Issues in 2013. This article is aimed to find out the policies used by the NFL (National Football League) in order to reduce harm of the illicit psychoactive drugs. The policies used by the NFL (National Football League) to reinforce the penalizing tradition of the drug policies used by the government of the United States. The drug policies are focused on the testing of drugs and they require self-restraint from using illegal drugs. In this context it is found that NFL punishes the players who used illegal drugs by suspending them from the employment as well as cut off from their payment. In addition, the NFL as well as the government needs to implement few steps to control the harm reduction of the players. In this paper, the author analyzed three different cases of player suspension from a perspective of harm reduction. The paper addresses the procedure to reduce harm among the NFL players. Green, M. (2014). Tackling the NFL: An analysis of the role of the government in workplace safety This article was published in Duke University Libraries (DUL) in 2014. In this paper the researcher was aimed to analyze the role of the federal government in the context of reducing the concussion crisis in the NFL (National Football League). In this context, the privet sector industries were intervened by the government to improve the health and safety of the NFL players. In addition, the researcher found that the government previously intervened in several issues regarding the sports industry. However, there was no significant impact on the concussion legislation. The researcher stated three case studies, which were on the other industries it is found that the NFL (National Football League) concussion crisis is prompted government intervention. However, it is indicated by the researcher that football is considered as a unique industry therefore the health related issues or the concussions in this field is still not intervened by the government thoroughly.