New Ideas for Improving the Company

Introduction Inadequate analytical dimensions of supply chain such as business responsibility, customer service quality and cost may compromise the functionality of a supply chain in the company. From a theoretical perspective, the value creation model cannot align cost effectiveness when the logistics of operation are inadequate.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on New Ideas for Improving the Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For instance, lack of strong control systems and poor benchmarking approach at present has compromised the organizational strategy of cost reduction, customer satisfaction, and reduction of risks. Basically, a supply chain management strategy identifies the need for commodities, appropriate suppliers, quantity and quality of the commodities. It also evaluates effectiveness of supply practices already in place. The expansion of capacity and mechanization of production demands that the sup ply system matches production efficiency while assuring quality of the supplied goods. The supply chain determines the success of a company’s management strategy and ease of business sustainability. A well outsourced supply chain is a prerequisite for confidence and trusts without and without a company’s market catchment. Accessibility and transition in the supply chain plan will ensure efficiency and proactive response analysis to further improve on the demands of prospective clients. Therefore, the company should introduce a hybrid supply chain management system to improve on efficiency, reliability, and scope of the business operations. The suggestions are discussed below. Strategic outsourcing of the supply chain management system There are several alternative suggestions which the company may adopt to improve on its supply chain management, in terms of efficiency and cost management. Among the alternatives may include the following strategies. Logistics outsourcin g Logistics outsourcing relieves a company of fixed costs irrespective of seasonal trends and market demand. Through a competitive process, the outsourced unit will develop a balanced control system for a sustainable level of efficiency, costing, dependability, speed, quality, and flexibility through value delivery, value addition, and creativity. In relation to this company, the outsource logistics team will have the responsibility to rationalize the scientific aspects of the supply chain such as the use of statistical tools, their application, and evaluation criteria in monitoring and managing the logistics.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More When the outsourced logistics regulator is properly balanced, efficiency in the supply chain management is achievable within the first four months of implementation. Benchmarking of the mapping, executing and managing processes Benchmark ing of the channels for planning and execution of production and distribution goals has the effect of reducing costs of supply chain management since the company will be in a position to monitor all the control systems and their logistics. Thus, the major part of the success puzzle for supply chain control system should be operated on the periphery of soft skills involving the timeless vision of organizational principles, defining value of the business and determining requirements. Besides, building teams and mitigating tasks in the production-distribution channels for the products will restore efficiency in the supply chain management strategy of the company. Customer retention is achievable through the creation of reliable and affordable marketing channel that is essential in monitoring a matrix that maps out potential competitors and identifies weaknesses and strengths of the clients. Input from the production section is processed to chart a supplier’s trend in adherence t o quality, quantity, and timeliness of deliveries. Communication of the quality guidelines minimizes the risks of product rejection/return. In the absence of a guide, variance is more probable. In such a case, the delay before replacement may slow or halt production. Consequently, potential revenue from processed products is missed. Therefore, a clear benchmarking strategy in the company would increase its efficiency in the supply chain management. Improving the Decision Support System The company should endeavor to create a decentralized decision support system. Despite having this efficient operations management system, the company has not fully established a mechanism for monitoring progress at micro level and majorly depends on macro auditing in decision making and has to deal with the risk of internal fraud and redundancy. The decentralized system may incorporate planning, development, implementation, and discovery. Reflectively, the process captures organization chart, status reports, process map, compliance requirements, review structure, activities, dates, and resources employed within a specified period of time.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on New Ideas for Improving the Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Sharing supply sub-system facilitates direct transactions and generation of reports that rate a supplier’s performance. Due to its dynamic reporting, anomalies in supply quality are communicated instantaneously to the supplier to initiate corrective action. With a supplier audit, non-conformance to specifications in supplied commodities and modes of supply are identified. A report of the audit is then discussed with the supplier to implement a corrective remedy. As a balanced assessment of a supplier’s performance, the scorecard is thus an objective tool to guide quality in supply. Managing the proposed supply chain outsourcing Automation of the outsourced sup ply chain management strategy An improved approach to supply management through automation will establish a broader partnership with customers. The buyer will make an effort to learn the supplier’s values, vision, challenges, and operating environment. A spirit of collaboration established will offer a positive contribution to the partnering businesses. Such cooperation will turn supply into a competitive advantage instead of sole cost. This should be backed by a legal contract. It further provides for explicit conditions in executing the contractual partnership. Due to their explicit nature and legal enforcement, a contract assures quality of supply to the agreed specification. Cost management in the outsourced supply chain The element of increased competition as part of the future development is well assured when the objective of outsourcing is aligned to cost reduction in doing business. However, what makes this strategy effective is the constant formulation and implementa tion of strategic policies based on its knowledge of the customer needs in the supply chain management. Sustainable development is vital to business environment when outsourcing is incorporated in the business development goal. Therefore, a business organization must put in place stringent measures and strategies aimed and monitoring expansionary modules in the outsourcing of supply chain agents within feasible levels.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Generally, outsourcing and supply chain management strategies are interdependent to ensure that the business is sustainable. For implementation of the strategy, the management is to balance both the short term and long term consideration towards decision making. Integration of entry strategy, comparative advantage, and market segmentation in the supply chain outsourcing In order to achieve desired margins in sales and total revenues generated, a proper supply chain outsourcing plan should integrate entry strategy, comparative advantage, and market segmentation since in most cases, there is always a strong competitor or competitors that passing might prove challenging due to existence of consumer perceptions and household names. To increase credibility and maintain professionalism, the outsourced supply chain plan should encompass processes and features that flawlessly facilitate healthy and lifetime relationships between the business and its clients. Among the new development elemen ts that can be incorporated to build trust, include establishment of a strong distribution and fair retribution process when interacting with the appointed agent who will be managing the outsourced supply chain system. Delivery and customer satisfaction Besides quality in service, delivery and customer satisfaction depend on the marketing segmentation as part of the outsourced supply chain program. Therefore, customer retention is achievable through the creation of reliable and affordable marketing channel that is essential in monitoring matrix that maps out potential competitors and identifies weaknesses and strength of the clients. Moreover, the reporting criteria adopted by the outsourced supply chain agents should reflect the success of marketing calendar and set targets generated from time to time. Essentially, success of brand and product management in a new market depends on a proper alignment of a functional idea into the creation of flexible, involuntary, and quantifiable m easurement of perception among the target audience in the supply chain. Reflectively, this idea should have essential elements that can easily sway the mind, either positively or negatively. Therefore, such an organization should brand its business as the most competitive in terms of charges for service delivery and reliability in its outsourced supply chain. Conclusion Supply management system plays a critical role in business process. A modern approach to its management proposes building stronger relationship with a customer to minimize variation in quality. Important tools in safeguarding quality are the supply management system, supplier manual, supplier scorecard, and supply contract. Thus, when outsourcing the supply chain function, it is necessary for an organization to balance the goals and competence of the outsourced agency. This will improve the efficiency in the company’s supply chain, since its scope of operation is global. This essay on New Ideas for Improving the Company was written and submitted by user Alfonso Fletcher to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Macedonia essays

Macedonia essays Macedonia, Former Yugoslav Republic, is a country in southeastern Europe, on the Balkan Peninsula. A former constituent of Yugoslavia, it declared its independence in November 1991. It is strategically set at the cross roads of Balkan roots and Romans were first to recognize importance of its location and made a city there. The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia is completely landlocked and is bounded by Serbia, Bulgaria, Greece and Albania. The largest lake is Ohrid, which town of Ohrid became a center of culture and enlightenment in the ninth century and the most powerful spiritual metropolis in the Slavonic world. The FYROM is rich in natural resources like zinc, nickel, chromium, iron, copper etc. The climate is mainly continental. Macedonia has population of over two millions of people. Macedonian Slavs constitute nearly two-thirds of the population. Ethnic Albanians, who practice Islam and speak Albanian, are the largest minority in the republic, making up 22 percent of the population. Of the six republics of Yugoslavia, Macedonia was by some measures the least economically developed. In the first half of the 1990s the economy suffered from trade embargoes, imposed on all the republics of the former Yugoslavia in response to the conflicts that had developed in the region. Agriculture and the coal industry allow the republic to provide for the basic needs of its populace. The country has traditionally been an exporter of farm products such as sugar beets, fruits, vegetables, cheese, lamb, and tobacco. Tourism is also an important economic factor. Macedonia was the only former Yugoslav state that had not experienced a war on its ground. The independence was achieved without a single bullet being shot. However the northern Albanian corridor progressively became theatre of clashes between Albanian pro-independence groups and Macedonian armed forces. This fin ...

Q Words

Q Words Q Words Q Words By Mark Nichol Have you ever noticed the similarity in vocalization when you utter words starting with wh- and those beginning with qu-? Go ahead and try it now. Don’t be embarrassed nobody’s looking. Huh your mouth’s moves are almost identical, right? But that’s not coincidental, because many English words beginning with wh- are akin to Latin terms beginning with qu-, and, of course, many English words beginning with qu- are directly descended from the language of ancient Rome. And others of our wh- words and qu- words have some conceptual kinship, too. Let’s look first at the journalist’s keywords: Who is from the Latin word qui. What, when, where, why, and how, though not derived from Latin (they’re all from Old English), are cognates words related to another by common descent from an ancient language of who, which is. In addition, quite a few words starting with qu- refer directly or indirectly to the concepts behind these basic interrogatives. Note in the etymologies listed after each term and before the definitions below how often the wh- words show up or are implied: Quality (qualis, â€Å"of what kind†): character, air, or nature (â€Å"He had a bookish quality to him†), property (â€Å"The painting has an ephemeral quality†), role (â€Å"She adopted the quality of a mentor†), grade (â€Å"The relative quality of the two brands is indistinguishable†) Quantity (quantus, â€Å"how much† or â€Å"how large†): amount or number (â€Å"The quantity of items in the box is listed on the back†) Quandary (unknown; perhaps informally derived from quando, â€Å"when†): state of doubt or perplexity (â€Å"I’m in a quandary about that†) Quantum (quantus, â€Å"how much†): quantity, portion, or bulk, or a subdivision of energy or matter; usually used in the expression â€Å"a quantum leap,† which technically refers to a submicroscopic event but in popular usage denotes a significant increase or progress Question (quaerere, â€Å"to seek, ask†): an expression of inquiry, or something discussed or disputed; also, possibility â€Å"(â€Å"There’s no question of repairing it†) or objection (â€Å"I have no question about his qualifications†) Quiddity (quid, â€Å"what†): essence (â€Å"The sculpture portrays the quiddity of the subject’s frailty†), or eccentricity or quibble (â€Å"Despite her quiddities, I like her†) Quondam (quondam, â€Å"at one time†): erstwhile, former (â€Å"I heard from my quondam friend Joe the other day†) Quota (quota pars, â€Å"how great a part†): a proportional share or limit (â€Å"They met their quota†) Quotidian (quotidie, â€Å"every day,† from quot, â€Å"many, how many† and dies, â€Å"day†): commonplace, everyday (â€Å"Its quotidian lack of flair bored me†) Quotation (or Quote) (quot, â€Å"how many†): something repeated or referred to, or the process of doing so, but originally referred to numbering (â€Å"Read the quotation from the book†) Also, note quo (â€Å"in which†), which occurs in the ubiquitous â€Å"status quo† (â€Å"the state in which†), the less common â€Å"quid pro quo† (this for that), and â€Å"quo vadis† (â€Å"where are you going?†), based on a verse in the Bible and popularized by a novel by that name and its screen adaptations but seldom used by writers and speakers of English. See the connections in the following words? Quiet is derived from quies, meaning â€Å"rest or silence,† as is while, which can also refer to a duration of time a quantity. Quit (from quietus, meaning â€Å"free† or â€Å"calm†) implies the end of a quantity of time or action, while quite, in the senses of â€Å"very† and â€Å"thoroughly† degrees of quantity has the same etymological origin. And quiz may have a direct link: It’s probably derived from qui es, which means â€Å"who are you?† Not all words beginning with qu- share these origins, of course. Quack and quail are onomatopoeic. Quaint, though stemming from Latin, is not derived from a qu- word. Queer is Germanic (quirk may be related), as are quench and quick, both from Old English. But one thing most qu- words share is some quality, quiddity, or quirk that makes them quite useful to writers. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Avoid Beginning a Sentence with â€Å"With†The Four Sounds of the Spelling OUThe Difference Between "Un-" and "Dis-"

CRJS472IP1 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

CRJS472IP1 - Research Paper Example A high biometric, as categorized by Woodward (McGuire, L., 2000), are those systems which involve physical features that do not change with time. Examples of these are fingerprints and some parts of an individual’s eye. When something is considered high biometric, it refers to the reliability of the object used for the system. (McGuire, L., 2000). In both the public and private sector, high biometric is used for identification, verification and security purposes. Fingerprinting is the most commonly used biometric system (Spinella, E., 2002) by the government and private organizations. Fingerprints are unique to an individual so much so that even identical twins have different sets of fingerprints for each digit. In fact, they are supposedly more exceptional than the DNA since although twins can share the same genetic material in their body, the same cannot be said for their fingerprints. (Watson, S., 2008) As such, both public and private institutions have turned to fingerprinting to identify individuals. Apple’s iPhone 5S and 5C models do not need a four-digit security number to open the device. Instead of the common security applications, Apple has incorporated a fingerprint scanner which allows the gadget to identify its owner by reading the imprint the individual makes when he or she presses the start button. (Trader, J., 2013) The public sector has also benefited from fingerprint scanning technology. The police and other government agencies tasked in keeping the peace have been using a person’s biometrics to aid in the performance of their duties. The history of fingerprinting in the criminology goes way back to 1903 when a man named Will West drew confusion as another man named William West was already in prison. (The History, 2014) After their fingerprints were taken, it was discovered that they were

Personal statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 11

Personal Statement Example to return to my country and serve it as an individual who has a graduate level degree and who is prepared to give to the community that which was given to him, positive opportunities. Due to the fact that I speak Arabic, _______, and English (name all of the languages you speak) I am able to perform research in the native language and use primary sources to help the faculty members perform their research. I would like to work with ________ who is a faculty member in the ______ Department and who is researching areas of interest to me, such as: ______________. I am computer literate and I am able to perform research using my methodology skills. I am able to seek primary sources, translate the documents, and develop measurement instruments that will help me obtain data to be analysed and interpreted so that I may conclude and be able to make recommendations based on the findings. I am a person that is able to work as a team member and I am able to be a follower when need be. I have language, computer, and research skills. I am organized, analytical, and I meet deadlines and I am able to work under pressure. My greatest obstacle has been to learn a new language and live in a society different from mine. I have had to overcome these obstacles and I am able to excel in a society such as the United Kingdom. I have been able to differentiate the differences and similarities as a Qatar citizen. As a person who is able to do outstanding tasks I have been taken seriously in my community and trusted that I will return to share the knowledge that I have obtained from your higher education institution. I come from a family of seven members. This has given me the strength to become a dedicated and responsible person for that which I become involved in. I am better than other applicants in that I have a great desire to achieve my goal and objectives in life. I will be able to perform excellent graduate coursework and research. This will place me in a position to join two

Research-based Reading Program Essay Example for Free

Research-based Reading Program Essay The Texas Reading Initiative has outlined a fairly comprehensive statement on the value of reading and the significance of infusing the habit of literacy among the young. Besides teaching/conducting a reading program per se, the quality, depth and integrity of such teaching methodology is equally important. This is the main reason why most reading advocates have bannered the discourse of a â€Å"research based† reading program rather than the traditional teaching methodology for teaching children how to read. It works on the emerging assumption that teaching the young is delicate enough for the reading teacher to adapt a research-based method. The paper on Components of a Research-based Reading Program, part of the Red Book Series by the Texas Education Agency, outlines the fundamental attributes of the recent development of teaching reading among the young. It is composed of a deeper understanding of the recesses of a child’s mind, its formation, development and predictable growth (Hilgard, 2001). Generally, the essential attributes of these Twelve Essential Components comprise an advanced understanding of adult-child training and communication: the Teacher-Trainer, the channel and the recipient (the child). These maybe the basic attributes of ordinary communication but an analysis of the paper can reveal that the communication framework is actually the basis of this research-based program, not to mention that the concept of code interpretation and language are involved and mentioned in that paper. The two ends of this communication curve, the Teacher-trainer and the child are the live working elements of this reading program, which makes the simplest components. What is generally interesting in these Twelve Components is the channel element and how the child decodes the communication. The paper frequently discusses the concept of language and how the child perceives instruction from the teacher, which is its whole point. This is the brunt/meat of the teaching methodology, where the paper discusses â€Å"opportunities† and â€Å"strategies† to aid child development. Such things are stated on the paper as to how to exploit the nature of the language channel, where educators strategically use the oral component to understand the written language-the act of reading. According to the authors, by the oral way, the child is directed into opportunities for appreciating sounds, its differences and â€Å"referents†, a concept used by linguists. They say that children may read aloud and â€Å"understand their building blocks† (www. tea. com), which we assume as auditory building blocks. This may imply that to reinforce one’s reading, one has to learn how to speak it first, using the auditory logic of the language’s construction, thus utilizing the nature of the child’s brain to absorb these â€Å"building blocks† into communicative memory (www. childdevelopmentinfo. com). And of course, there is the written format to contend with. This is where the recipient can visually decode using some of the strategies. Decoding in this context means visually playing with the language construction (â€Å"wordplay† as the paper says) through â€Å"blending† and what they call â€Å"word families† and writing patterns. On a lighter note, there is nothing new about the research-based reading program offered by the Texas Reading Initiative. The allegedly â€Å"new† methodology works much like teaching a foreign language to students in the collegiate level, but in the child’s case, localized and specialized for a kindergarten or grade-schooler. The same opportunities and teaching strategies have existed in basic foreign language class in university, and child psychologists seem to find it effective if made easier for children. Reference: Child Development Institute. Reading Improvement. Retrieved January 27, 2008, from http://www. childdevelopmentinfo. com/store/reading-improvement. htm. Hilgard, E. R. (2001). Introduction to Psychology. New York : Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.

Fatalism in Macbeth :: essays research papers

Fatalism: Uncontrolled Destiny People have many different ways of viewing destiny. For example, some people believe in Existentialism, which is where a persons personal choices affect the outcome of their lives. Others believe in Fatalism, which means your destiny is unalterable and preordained. William Shakespeare believed in fatalism, which is shown through many of his plays. The most distinct examples of fatalism are found in his play, Macbeth. Macbeth shows that once your destiny is predetermined it is not in your power to change it. Macbeth’s destiny is told to him by the Weird Sister’s, â€Å"All hail, Macbeth, that shalt be king hereafter!†(1.3.53). He comes to the realization that the only way to become king, is if he kills the reigning king. However, he has difficulty accepting this, and attempts to do away with this plan, â€Å"We will proceed no further in this business†(1.7.34). Unfortunately, he is unable to prevent the outcome of his future. His destiny was established and he could do nothing to hinder it. Macbeth is told by the witches that, â€Å"none of woman born shall harm [him]†(4.1.91-92). Macbeth, believing there can be no other kind of man, goes on with his life ignoring that detail of his fate. He does nothing to try and prevent this from taking place. When Macduff comes to fight Macbeth, Macbeth trusts that his destiny is and will remain true, â€Å"As easy mayst thou the intrenchant air with they keen sword impress as make me bleed†¦.I bear a charmed life, which must not yield to one of woman born†(5.8.12-16). He is, ironically, not afraid of Macduff, contrary to his fate as told by the witches. Macduff tells him that he was in fact not naturally born of woman and Macbeth realizes that his destiny has come true. Macbeth struggles to put up a fight but can not deny his destiny. Macbeth shows that once your destiny is predetermined it is not in your power to change it. Macbeth is evidence that your destiny, once established, can not be altered or stopped in any way. Macbeth’s destiny was told to him and even though he was in denial, he realizes in the end that destiny is powerful.

Labor and American Football

The development of labor relations in American football has been marked by two periods in its century of existence.   During its beginning labor organizations were weakened by the fractured nature of the football league itself.   Various upstart leagues consistently threatened and weakened the original league, the National Football League (NFL) and at times put in danger the growth of the sport in the America. Yet, since the league consolidated in the second half of the century we have seen a new period in labor relations come to the forefront.   And while it was once held that players would probably never unionize, the player strikes in 1982 and 1987 and their results have proven past analysts predictions to be wrong.   The football of the 1980s and 90s was fraught with player/manager blowouts and the increasingly assertive nature of player’s organizations or player’s unions as they are now referred to came to the forefront. A Brief History of Football The big money problems facing the American football league today find its roots in the development of the sport and its growth in popularity as a notable aspect of American culture.   The incredible money making potential of professional football developed on principles of â€Å"rugby football ´Ã‚ ´ being played at universities in Eastern Canada and the United States. Professional American football can be said to have its starting point when William â€Å"Pudge ´Ã‚ ´ Heffelfinger was paid $500 by a club in Pittsburgh to play for them in a game.[1]   Towards the twentieth century the game would begin to accumulate loyal spectators across the country, though college football was the most popular form of spectator football.   Along with football’s growing popularity would come entrepreneurs eager to cash-in on the sport’s growth. The most significant signal of the sports growth was the forming of the National Football League (NFL) in 1920.   The NFL’s first official name was the American Professional Football Association and it was made up of five professional teams who’s main goal in uniting was to stop the stealing of team members from within their ranks.[2]   The cost of franchise was $25 and the teams met whenever it was determined that they could make money.[3]   In 1921 the group formally changed its name to the National Football league. It wasn’t long before the league was outshining college football and attendance at games went up radically.   Small-town teams got swallowed up by big-city teams and football and annual championships began in 1933.   The 1930s were extremely important in the development of the league. Gould and Staudohar state that, â€Å"Significant rules changes were introduced, most notably legalizing the forward pass from anywhere behind the line of scrimmage. Goal posts were put on the goal lines. And the league was divided into two divisions, leading to a championship playoff under regularized conditions at the end of the season.†[4] By the 1950s professional football was beating out college teams in the fight for spectators.   In addition, a new element had been added to the sport, television.   Television participation and attendance levels at games were constantly on the rise.   Fans turned on the tube and poured into stadiums to catch a glimpse of rising football stars such as Bobby Layne and Johnny Unitas.   In 1955 NBC paid $100,000, a 40 percent increase over the previous year, to televise the title game.[5] Since then football’s growth has been unstoppable and largely predominated by the NFL.   Currently the league is made up of thirty-two teams, which are divided into two conferences and then four sub-divisions.   At the nd of each year the league holds a twelve team tournament that eliminates the teams down to two teams which will play in the league’s most anticipated game of the year, the Super Bowl. Currently the NFL is â€Å"one of the most popular sports leagues in the United States, and has the highest per-game attendance of any domestic professional sports league in the world, drawing over 67,000 spectators per game for its most recently completed season in 2006.†[6] The Era of League Splits The rise of professional football and the revenues that came along with it would be accompanied by numerous attempts of upstart leagues to wrestle viewership from NFL games.   The first attempts were made under the auspice of a parallel group of teams titled the American Football Leagues (AFL).   Before 1941 there were three such attempts made by the AFL to upstage the NFL, none of which were successful. The last of these attempts was particularly unsuccessful and Gould and Staudohar claim that, â€Å"The new league was woefully undercapitalized and almost from its first games exhibited dire financial trouble. Missed payrolls became routine. Not surprisingly, the league folded early in its second season.†[7]   The most successful of these leagues was the All-American Football Conference which appeared at the close of the Second World War, when there was an influx of interest in spectator sports.   The league lasted for four years and at its close three of its teams joined the NFL and were moderately successful within that league. Continued growth in televised games and stadium attendance would result in the most significant attempts by alternate leagues to break in on the action in the mid-60s and later in the 80s.   Lamar Hunt created another version of the AFL, after his attempt to purchase an NFL franchise to bring to Texas backfired.   Hunt set out on an aggressive campaign to win spectator interest by introducing gimmicks such as â€Å"wider-open passing offenses, players' names on their jerseys, and an official clock visible to fans so that they knew the time remaining in a period (the NFL kept time by a game referee's watch, and only periodically announced the actual time).†[8] But it was the bidding war for players that almost brought the whole of American football on its knees.   Fortunately, and as a result of the expansion and costly players, the leagues merged in 1966.   By 1970 the teams from both leagues had formed to make up the NFL’s American Football Conference.   The AFL-NFL championship game became the Super Bowl.   The only other league to be created after that was the United States Football League that, despite heavy financing, important players and a television contract, went under within three years due to low revenues. Meanwhile the NFL, along with the Super Bowl and Monday Night Football became an important aspect of American life.   It was thought that a new era of co-operation between labor and football was on the rise but there were more problems to come. Part 2   The Era of the Player/Management Split For most of football’s beginning years the idea that sports professionals would form into unions was inconceivable to many.   Today it is clear that Unions are highly important to professional football and baseball players alike.   The forming of unions in so many walks of American life and their increasing power in society brought football players to the same conclusion millions of other working Americans came to: unions strengthened a worker’s rights and provided a buffer against the rampant financial interests of owners, whether they be factories or baseball franchises. Currently NFL players are members of the National Football League Players Association (NFLPA).   The main duty of this organization is to help construct the Collective Bargaining Agreement (CBA), which sets the minimum contract for NFL players.   The association also helps to negotiate individual player contracts.   The association has been up and working since 1993 and has been integral in the player’s negotiations with team management.   It is also important to note that since its creation there has not been a full-out strike since the 1987 season, â€Å"which is much longer than Major League Baseball, the NBA or the NHL.†[9] With such a track record it is safe to say that unions are here to stay although it did not always look as though that would be the case.   Despite the positive outlook, after the NFL’s consolidation, some analysts predicted that there would be growing trouble between the franchises and their players.   Their predictions largely proved to be correct.   Gould and Staudohar claim that â€Å"This view was myopic†, and that in fact, â€Å"The mid- 1970s saw the emergence of arm's-length bargaining and the resulting collective bargaining agreements in the major sports.   []   Despite progress toward resolving some long-standing disputes, the true character of player/ management splits was just being revealed.†[10] Before the seventies there had been little leeway made in player negotiations on issues such as pension funds and insurance coverage.   The first league wide strike would occur in 1968 and would be formed on these very issues.   As the situation reached never-before-seen levels of intensity, the players refused to show up for pre-season practices.   Managers responded with a lockout.   Eventually the players came back to the field after having gained almost nothing.   Yet this strike would set the stage for those to come in 1974, 1982 and 1987. For the last forty years changes in areas such as free agency rules and salary levels have largely been fought using anti-trust law.   Some analysts claim that, in fact, there are more anti-trust issues within professional sports cases than in many other industries.[11]   Scremin claims that, â€Å"As a result of antitrust litigation, professional sport leagues and teams had to abandon or at least modify rules and policies governing their businesses. This is a trend with no signs of slowing down.†[12]   Yet, despite headway made in various cases involving anti-trust measures, the 1977 and 1982 NFL collective bargaining agreements are â€Å"two of the least effective agreements in professional sports on the issue of player mobility.†[13] It was during the 1982 strike that players gained the greatest ground in their battle with owners.   After a 57 day strike and a nine game season the Players Association won big concessions including a considerable raise in pay and the right to copies of individual contracts.[14]   Yet, issues such as free agency, pensions and severance pay remained on the bargaining table. The 1987 strike was a continuation of the demands of 1982 but this time around the player’s union was badly organized and many were reluctant to go on strike in the first place.[15]   The end result was that the players lost their check off privelege, in addition to be replaced by aspiring NFL players for a time.   Staudohar claims that, â€Å"By striking when so many players preferred not to, the union may have harmed itself.†[16] The strike of 1987 would be the beginning of a bitter relationship between the NFL Players Association and the NFL Commission.   The end result was that playing went on for six years without a labor deal and with considerable distrust between Gene Upshaw, head of the Players Association and Paul Tagliabue, Commissioner for the NFL.[17] By 1993 both sides were ready to talk and the end result was the granting of unrestricted free-agency rights for the players and a salary cap for the owners.   Fisher claims that, â€Å"The trade gave each side a key concession it had sought for years, but also tied them together at the hip. Veteran players finally could take full charge of their careers and maximize their incomes, but only within the overall limits set by the salary cap, which in turn reflects league revenues.†[18] Since then the contract has been re-signed with ease four times since 1993.   Currently the CBA covers areas such as the minimum salary for the league, the salary cap, the annual collegiate draft, and free agency rules.[19]   In May of 2006 the CBA was negotiated again with a salary cap of 94.5 million, 56.5% of football revenue to the players association and free agency for the players.   The talks were complicated by the talks around revenue-sharing policies of the owners.[20] Conclusion Labor relations within American football was largely put on hold for the first half of the century.   Struggles between the NFL and various aspiring football leagues such as the AFL took precedence over the creation of player’s unions.   It wasn’t until the second half of the century that the NFL would have to come face to face with player demands backed by an ever-strong NFLPA.   While the union suffered a set back in the 1987 strike by 1993 it had negotiated an essential issue for its players, free-agency.   Throughout the past forty years player’s unions have consistently fought against anti-trust measures and have to a great extent come out on top.   We can only wait to see what the future holds for them. Works Cited â€Å"Collective Bargaining Agreement Between the NFL Management Council and the NFL Player’s Association.†Ã‚   March 8. 2006,   nflpa.org Fisher, Eric.   â€Å"MLB Can Learn from the NFL: The Game Would Benefit If Owners/players Emulated Their Football Counterparts.†Ã‚   Insight on the News   January 7. 2002,   32-34. Forbes, Gordon.   â€Å"82 strike changed salary dealings forever.†Ã‚   USA Today   August 6. 2001,   http://www.usatoday.com/sports/comment/forbes/2001-06-08-forbes.htm Gould, William, B and Staudohar, Paul, D.   Labor Relations in Professional Sports.   Dover: Auburn House,   1986. â€Å"NFL sets paid attendance record.†Ã‚   NFL News   April 13. 2007,   http://www.nfl.com/news/story/9908132 Scremin, Glaucio.   â€Å"Impact of Antitrust Laws on American Professional Team Sports.† United States Sports Academy: The Sports Journal   2005, http://www.thesportjournal.org/2005Journal/Vol8-No1/SCJ_04_antitrust.asp Staudohar, Paul, D.   â€Å"The Football Strike of 1987: A Question of Free Agency.†Ã‚   Monthly Labor Review   111 (1988):   26-35. Weisman, Larry.   â€Å"NFL labor talks stall, free agency postponed again.†Ã‚   USA TODAY   May 3.   2006,  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.usatoday.com/sports/football/nfl/2006-03-05-labor-talks_x.htm [1] Gould, William, B and Staudohar, Paul, D.   Labor Relations in Professional Sports.   Dover: Auburn House,   1986: 88. [2] Gould and Staudohar, 89 [3] Gould and Staudohar, 89 [4] 91 [5] Gould and Staudohar, 92 [6] â€Å"NFL sets paid attendance record.†Ã‚   NFL News   April 13. 2007,   http://www.nfl.com/news/story/9908132 [7] Gould and Staudohar, 93 [8] Gould and Staudohar, 94. [9] â€Å"NFL sets paid attendance record.†Ã‚   NFL News   April 13. 2007,   http://www.nfl.com/news/story/9908132 [10] Gould and Staudahar, 2. [11] Scremin, Glaucio.   â€Å"Impact of Antitrust Laws on American Professional Team Sports.† United States Sports Academy: The Sports Journal   2005 [12] Scremin. [13] Gould and Staudohar, 109. [14] Forbes, Gordon.   â€Å"82 strike changed salary dealings forever.†Ã‚   USA Today   Aug 6. 2001,   http://www.usatoday.com/sports/comment/forbes/2001-06-08-forbes.htm [15] Staudohar, Paul, D.   â€Å"The Football Strike of 1987: A Question of Free Agency.†Ã‚   Monthly Labor Review   111 (1988): 26 [16] Staudohar, 26 [17] Fisher, Eric.   â€Å"MLB Can Learn from the NFL: The Game Would Benefit If Owners/players Emulated Their Football Counterparts.†Ã‚   Insight on the News   Jan 7. 2002: 33 [18] Fisher, 34 [19] â€Å"Collective Bargaining Agreement Between the NFL Management Council and the NFL Player’s Association.†Ã‚   March 8. 2006,   nflpa.org [20] Weisman, Larry.   â€Å"NFL labor talks stall, free agency postponed again.†Ã‚   USA TODAY   May 3.   2006,  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.usatoday.com/sports/football/nfl/20 06-03-05-labor-talks_x.htm

Biome Shifting

Global warming is a mostly natural process that has been going on for as long as Earth has existed. Global warming has many effects on the Earth such as rise in sea level, overall increased rise in the temperature of Earth, and even bizarre weather. However, the topic I will discuss today is how global warming causes climate changes and how this climate change affects our environment and our economic systems.Climate change occurs worldwide due to the growth of greenhouse gases in our atmosphere which then traps more heat coming from the sun than it would without these gases. This makes the Earth milder which then causes change in climates over the globe to change their patterns. Bimbo shifting is one main consequence of climate change and global warming. This has a broad economic impact as it alters our infrastructure and sources of goods.However, it also poses large amounts of environmental threat as there is becoming less biodiversity and habitats are shifting. This bimbo shifting affects our infrastructure in that many of the buildings we eave built up to today haven't been built to endure such a wide range of temperatures and as these bizarre temperatures continue to shift back and forth our infrastructure is deteriorating much faster than it would in stable weather. Considering this, the maintenance of these building will require much more funding as it will have to be done more often.This could cause economic problems as it could increase the need for higher taxes to do required maintenance on governmental buildings and public schools which reduces the amount of money being able to be circulating through everyday businesses. Bimbo shifting also affects the sources of many of our goods. On Canada's west coast there is a species of salmon that is increasingly economically valuable. However, this species is beginning to have reduced survival rates causing decreased population density and a decrease in the amount of fish being able to be sold as goods.This hi ts the economy as the fish were needed to provide food or work for many people in Canada. The climate change also affects some of the forests worldwide. In Alaska, a spruce beetle population has been able to grow dramatically over 20 years due to warmer weather. This then caused over 4 million acres of spruce trees in Alaska to be destroyed by the increased population of beetles. This shows how the climate change can destroy what could be used a resources in the future.With bimbo shifting causing increased temperatures in places that normally would be cooler, some species are having to slowly shift where they find their habitats. For example the long-spines sea urchin was previously only found as far south as southern New South Wales in Australia, but now, due to increasingly warm waters and changes in currents, these sea urchins have moved farther south. They have decimated kelp forests in this region causing the ecosystem to slowly deteriorate as it becomes more and more unbalance d.Climate change is expected to threaten one quarter or more of all species on land by 2050 passing even habitat loss as the biggest threat to life on land. Bimbo shifting is a huge problem for many species as they have evolved to live within certain areas under certain conditions and as these conditions change quickly, some species are unable to adapt quickly enough to survive. When one species food source can no longer survive, that species then is heartened as it must find another food source or it will not survive either.This then causes less biodiversity as species become threatened and eventually extinct. To address this worldwide problem of bimbo shifting, scientists are trying to decrease the amount of greenhouse gases that enter our ecosystem. They are collecting emissions data and trying to get the government to impose new laws and limits considering consumption of fossil fuels. Scientists are working with engineers to create new engines for cars that reduce the amount of fossil fuels required to power them or even eliminate the need for fossil fuels altogether.Solar panels and wind turbines are also being designed to harness energy from renewable sources instead of burning fossil fuels. The U. S. Has also steered away from using coal and has begun using natural gas to power the nation. This switch has significantly reduced carbon emissions over the past decade. Though many people probably think that the effects of global warming only go as far as environmental changes, there is really a ripple effect created by these changes that branches out and causes more and more problems. Global warming is directly related to environmental, social, political, and even more aspects of the world.All of the consequences prove how we, as people who rely on the Earth to survive, need to take better care of our home.

Free Essays on U.S. Grant

The Rise of â€Å"Unconditional Surrender† Grant He sat opposite the impeccably dressed Lee, in plain clothes and muddy boots. His overall appearance did little to suggest that he was the highest ranking general in the union army. How such an unlikely hero attained this position then managed to outmaneuver the most talented general of both armies, is a question worthy of investigation. Ulysses Simpson Grant’s rise through the ranks of the union army was nothing short of remarkable. The following pages will reveal how Grant achieved that ascent, as well as providing a glimpse into Grant’s character, and war philosophy. The onset of the war found Grant working as a clerk in his father’s leather shop. Some viewed him as a failure, although it is apparent that Grant never saw himself in that light. A West Point graduate and Mexican War veteran, he entered the union volunteers a colonel. By a political fluke he was promoted to brigadier general, of which his father gave him some practical advice, â€Å"Be careful, Ulysses, you’re a general now: it’s a good job, don’t lose it†(Foote, Vol 1 196). Grant gained notoriety in the western theatre, where most of the fighting was waged for control of arteries of commerce, such as rivers and railroads. His first action would be at Belmont on the Mississippi River. Instead of a demonstration, as was suggested to him, he made an all out assault. They routed the enemy, then were surrounded by the enemy, then cut their way back out through the enemy. It was an indecisive battle but it decisively defined Grant as a soldier. He was calm under fire, poised, confident, and aggressive (Grant, Encarta). Ever eager to go on the offensive, Grant finally convinced his superior officer, Halleck, to permit him to attack Fort Henry, then Fort Donelson. The result was two impressive victories. The victory at Fort Donelson lifted Grant onto the national stage. An old friend of Grant’s... Free Essays on U.S. Grant Free Essays on U.S. Grant The Rise of â€Å"Unconditional Surrender† Grant He sat opposite the impeccably dressed Lee, in plain clothes and muddy boots. His overall appearance did little to suggest that he was the highest ranking general in the union army. How such an unlikely hero attained this position then managed to outmaneuver the most talented general of both armies, is a question worthy of investigation. Ulysses Simpson Grant’s rise through the ranks of the union army was nothing short of remarkable. The following pages will reveal how Grant achieved that ascent, as well as providing a glimpse into Grant’s character, and war philosophy. The onset of the war found Grant working as a clerk in his father’s leather shop. Some viewed him as a failure, although it is apparent that Grant never saw himself in that light. A West Point graduate and Mexican War veteran, he entered the union volunteers a colonel. By a political fluke he was promoted to brigadier general, of which his father gave him some practical advice, â€Å"Be careful, Ulysses, you’re a general now: it’s a good job, don’t lose it†(Foote, Vol 1 196). Grant gained notoriety in the western theatre, where most of the fighting was waged for control of arteries of commerce, such as rivers and railroads. His first action would be at Belmont on the Mississippi River. Instead of a demonstration, as was suggested to him, he made an all out assault. They routed the enemy, then were surrounded by the enemy, then cut their way back out through the enemy. It was an indecisive battle but it decisively defined Grant as a soldier. He was calm under fire, poised, confident, and aggressive (Grant, Encarta). Ever eager to go on the offensive, Grant finally convinced his superior officer, Halleck, to permit him to attack Fort Henry, then Fort Donelson. The result was two impressive victories. The victory at Fort Donelson lifted Grant onto the national stage. An old friend of Grant’s...

All We Need is Love

All We Need is Love Essay What is love? Is love the feeling of physical and emotional attraction? Or is it the outcome of appreciating others virtue? But can there be love without giving? Giving that requires indicating concern for others life and growth. Giving the idea of showing ones compassion of expressed and unexpressed feelings. The most important giving strategy is the ability to view a person as they are and being aware of their distinctive individuality. However, when a person keeps giving love to one another and does not seek love in his or her rightful place, they search for similar feelings somewhere else. Love is significance in humans life. Simple appreciation may ease the pain, but is it enough? When love is not enough it may cause severe damage to a person. It may lead to suicide, to depression, to family problems, and even to eating disorders. Every human being values love than any personal effect in their lives. Love is assisting one another in time of need. When an individual does not experience love he or she develop a mask to their personality. To their fears. To their past life. The masks that create difficulty to knowing someone. Many act in certain ways around certain people. However, when people go through denial of the physical existence just to protect their ego, we call them defense mechanism. Each and every one of us has a different strategy of coping to reality for it to be less stressful. Meaning, these masks protect us. They protect us from bad feelings. However, there is a specific amount of how much defense mechanism may isolate us from the real world. For example, denial. Denial is the most horrifying strategy that anyone may respond to in a situation; therefore, it may lead to completely refusing any horrible experience. People are eager to tell others about their lives but they fear rejection and rejection leads to conflicts within. Everyone fears that exposing themselves would make them seem weak to others. However, does it not sometimes surprise you how one day you think you know someone for such a long time and when a deeply most horrifying secret of the person is out, you feel like your mind betrayed you? You think you know every single detail when in fact you werent looking inside of them. Ill be telling you a story about a 20-year-old girl, Nicole. She lives in the Netherlands, originally from France. Nicole and I have been friends for a long time. We were Skyping, I telling her about my Voice of Youth research paper. I was explaining to Nicole how I couldnt find someone for the interview because of how hard it will be ask someone I personally know about conflicts in their life. As I said before, I knew Nicole for a long time, and in that moment, I discovered that she herself had a major conflict in her life. It does surprise you how long youve known someone, but then when they reveal something shocking about himself or herself, the perspective changes; not of the person, but of the fact that no one really gets to know someone with their problems. No one wants to feel responsible. Nicole.. My friend.. My sister had developed an eating disorder; thus, resulting to Bulimia and anorexia. Nicole and I decided to Skype so I could interview her with questions. I later realized that Im not only a student wanting to gather information for a research paper, but Im her friend; therefore, I decided to take a train to Utrecht. I had to listen carefully as she expresses her thoughts, opinion, and feelings to me. One of the things I Learned from my Guide to critical thinking was, in order for me to be fair; I must consider the feelings of my friend. As I sat down next to her, I heard her pour out her feelings. I could see the way she was acting. Nicole was extremely nervous. She carried a bottle in her hand, fidgeting with it the whole time. I looked at her, asked her one more time if she really wants to do this. Nicole glanced at me with an extremely red face, telling me that it was all right. Nicole began with.. I dont know where to start.. following apologizes of how much I might be disturbed. Nicole was constantly asking Are you sure you want to know this.. I can see shes worrying that I might see her differently. READ: Social Networking Sites: Beneficial to Societys EssayFor 5 minutes, all Nicole could say is, Youll be shocked! As I sat there in front of her, she began, I always had problems with my mom.. Nicole switched schools in the 7th grade. That is when she developed an eating disorder. Nicole had no friends; people at school were mean, rude, and snobby. She had no attention. Due to that, Nicole stopped eating completely; but when she lost a huge amount of weight she got all the attention she wanted. At first, to me it was weird because I stopped eating because I was sad and people kept telling me I looked good. Nicole constantly desired attention from her friends at school. She received no attention from home. All Nicole wanted was to be noticed at home. Her situation made her seek love from people that do not matter. She got more and more desperate. Nicole is an only girl with two younger brothers. Her parents, especially her mother, treated her differently. Nicole was the least one with attention. Her mother always praised the boys whenever they accomplished something; they were always awarded. However, Nicole was never showed appreciation. Whenever my brothers and I fought, I would always be blamed! Nicole feels like her mother has failed at being a mom. I asked Nicole how she thought their parenting was, she said: Its bad. They give us everything we want. Were allowed to do a lot of stuff but she never consequences things.. It is hard to explain. She is just not a mother. She saw me not eat a lot and did not recognize that I had an eating disorder. Every once in a while I would hear Nicole repeating, I would do everything different. I would never compare things with other people like she does. I would also not compare my childhood with my childrens like she does. I wouldnt do that. Things change. Time changes. She is just not happy with her life and she brings it out on us. Nicole then glanced slowly at me and told me how her mother has shared with her her previous love. Her mother explained to her how she married her father because he could provide a decent life. Nicoles reaction was, I love my dad and I dont want him to be sad; but I know hes unhappy as well; but he is so madly in love with her. Nicole grew up having to take care of herself, her brothers, her father, and even her mother. I see that its and extremely hard task to do. Having to take care of your whole family knowing that none of them care. We went back to talking about her eating disorder. Nicole told me how whenever she had something to eat, shed throw up all of it. I slowly asked her how it made her feel to force herself to vomit all she had eaten. I was scared that I was being out of line but then she said: I do not know what was going on in my brain.. It is like having a cold; you cant do anything about it Its just there and its like being a complete different person. It makes you doing things that you actually dont want to do and you dont want to do it but you just do it. I could see Nicoles eye tearing up as she explained how she felt. Menna, Something inside you tells you do it. Do it That is when I realized, she was in the affection of trying to make herself feel better. Her mind was controlling her thoughts by using her looks as an attention seeker; thus, making her seeks attention at school. She was not accepted by her parents, especially her mother. Losing weight, gave her attention at school. It was her only way out of the weight she carried at home. I then asked Nicole, When was the moment you realized and decided you should stop and change? Nicole told me about the nightmares she had when she started dating Victor. I had nightmares My teeth were falling out It was really bad, and then my hair started falling off. This was the moment that Nicole had seen herself in the future. Nicole was lucky; she was able to visualize how her life would turn around if she carried on with this. Nicole had the opportunity, the chance to get out early before it gets worse. And that is when the fairytale started with the love of her life, Victor. He was the reason she was able to keep going; to hold on and face her fears. READ: The Good Earth: Wang Lung - A Man of Determination and Loyalty EssayI think its because I felt accepted from Victor. Nicole was able to find what she couldnt get from home. Nicole, how did it change you? â€Å"It made me realize how it is so weird that something is so powerful in your mind that makes you do things you dont want to do. As she was explaining her thoughts, I realized that the mind is strong; it is able to control what we want to know, and if it doesnt feel safe, it turns its back on everyone. Nicole then later on, confronted her parents on their parenting. She poured her heart out, telling them every single detail they did wrong. Leaving out the fact that she was Bulimic, Nicole had only told that to her father. I asked her why her mother doesnt know, she said: My mother could never handle this. Nicole later on then went to a psychological center for anorexic people to help out. It was then that she realized how thankful to god she is for helping her go through this. Nicole met girls that within a blink of an eye may die. She knew then that she should be grateful. The last question I asked my friend, Nicole, was How do you feel now that Im talking to you about this She answered with a smooth look, Its like a story. Nicoles father, Victor, and me were the only people who knew. That was it. I finished the interview. Got up and hugged my friend. As I sat listening to a person I knew, a person that I cared about, but I never considered their feelings as much. Everything made sense. I first asked myself, as I hear her tell her story, This doesnt make sense to me, its like I dont know this person. But then everything connected. I realized that Everyone has different reasons to why they endeavor to hide their emotional pain, that comes in the wake of negative beliefs about ourselves; evoked by a particular person or situation. In conclusion, we are just human. Humans fear the thought of others not responding with a caring or supportive way. People dread the thought of trusting themselves, to cope with others response of their fears. The most important strategy, opening yourself to others. Everyone comes from a completely different family, community, or school. Opening yourself to others gives you the option to be in someone elses world, giving you the choice to perceiving their goodness and kindness. I strongly believe that love comes from giving and knowledge. Many fear opening themselves up to others, afraid of what people may think, resulting to grasp no love from others. People are eager to tell others about their lives, but they fear rejection and rejection leads to conflicts within. Everyone fears that exposing themselves would make them seem weak to others; thus, giving the thought and feeling of no love or compassion from anyone. In conclusion, not all masks are evil. Its up to us how to identify the strategy to make the masks and the reason for each mask to motivate us to unconsciously choose which mask to wear. One must be true to themselves by altering the right mask. Love can be described in many ways. However, love is not only enough when said or told. I believe that if parents do not take care of their childs background, the child will eventually adapt within his or her own culture. Such events shape our lives. As you can see, every time Nicole fell down she got her self-right back up. A critical thinker must always seek better ways of doing things. Critical thinkers believe in the power of their minds.

Enviornmental law Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Enviornmental law - Coursework Example The Earth Day 1970 marked a turning point in the Americans’ awareness about the environmental problems. The Congressional enactment of the Clean Air Act that year, just a few months after the Earth Day was a great landmark. These amendments moved the environmental protection concerns to a prominent position on Capitol Hill where it remained to date (Paul, 1990). The fact that the Earth Day and the 1970 amendments took place almost at the same time was no accident. The amendments of this law actually took place as a result of Congress’s response to the long time public concern about the environmental pollution which was symbolized by the Earth Day demonstrations. Through the public pressure, the Congress then went through a rush to come up with the legislation that would ensure protection against pollution. The original version of this Act which was passed by the U.S Congress in 1970 was fairly straightforward. This placed the EPA in charge of monitoring and improving th e nation’s air quality. Under this Act, the EPA had the power to establish research programs, set clean air standards, enforce regulations, and provide technical and financial assistance to state and local government efforts towards reducing air pollution. This Act also directed the EPA to establish the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) that could be useful in controlling emissions of a number of substances that threatened air quality. The NAAQS then divided pollutants into 2 categories, with the first category consisting of those that directly affect human health, and the second category included those that affected human welfare. This Act underwent significant changes and amendments in 1990. The revisions specifically targeted acid rain, with the aim of reducing emissions sulfur dioxide and Nitrogen Oxides by half. There were also new limits to ozone which is the main contributor to smog in urban areas. Some of the benefits associated with this Act include, but not limited to; 160,000 premature deaths avoided, 130,000 heart attack cases avoided, millions of acute respiratory cases avoided and also avoided 86,000 hospital admissions. It prevented 13 million lost workdays, kept kids healthy and in school avoiding 3.2 million lost school days. Between 1970 and 2011, the aggregate emissions of common air pollutants dropped by 68% while at the same time, the U.S gross domestic product grew by 212% (EPA, Benefits and Costs of the Clean Air Act, 2012). This Act has over the years, since it was passed, created a lot of economic impact in the Americans’ society. To begin with, there has been a dramatic reduction in air pollution rates that has protected the health of many American workers and their families. This is evident by fewer premature deaths and illness which shows that Americans experience longer lives, better quality of life, lower medical expenses, reduced school absences, and better work productivity. This means that the Act has been a good investment for Americans. It is evident that since 1970, cleaner air and growing of the economy has gone hand in hand. The pollution has since reduced by up to -72% while the economy has grown up to +219% as shown by the EPA. The data show the tremendous change that has resulted due to the implementation of the Act up to 2012 (EPA, 2012). The graphs were retrieved from the United States Environmental Protection Agency site at http://www.epa.gov/air/caa/ From the data above, one can easily deduce that the Act has greatly